Situation Analysis of Mondelez International †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Examine about the Situation Analysis of Mondelez International. Answer: Presentation: The task is an investigation of the current circumstance of an organization which can help in making proposals about the companys future. The organization considered is Mondelez Internatioanl Australia and New Zealand. The task is isolated into two primary issues, the outside examination and inner investigation. The report responds to the inquiry in regards to the business condition and serious examination of Mondelez. The extent of the task ranges over the news paper articles, diaries and magazines to draw the essential issue. The outside examination area is separated into segments, the first is the full scale condition patterns while the second is a serious investigation. The inner segment dives into the parts of Mondelez like budgetary qualities, human asset the executives, etc. The last area is the end alongside the proposals for Mondelez. Mondelez International Australia and New Zealand is the Australian arm of Mondelez International and is perhaps the biggest maker and advertisers of food in Australia. The organization has its central station in Melbourne and possesses Vegemite and Cadbury. The organization earned net income of $26 billion out of 2016 (mondelezinternational.com, 2017). The yearly report shows that Mondelez International has expanding pace of total return in five years contrasted with its rivals as appeared in the diagram underneath. Circumstance Analysis: The circumstance examination of Mondelez International Australia and New Zealand is has two sections, the macroeconomic and the SWOT investigation. The motivation behind the outside market is to look at the outer full scale condition factors which decide the procedures of the universal organization. The motivation behind the SWOT examination is to consider the qualities, weakneeses, openings and dangers to the organization being referred to. Mondelez Internatioanl works in an assortment of outer macroeconomic situations which summed up as PESTLE beneath. These variables decide the upper hand of Mondelez International in regard to its rivals (Hautz, Mayer Stadler, 2014). The political elements allude to governments arrangements, laws, universal concurrences with nations, etc which assume critical job in the organization approaches and systems. Australia is a protected government where the administration controls and make exchange hindrances to advance local organizations. Be that as it may, the legislature has bit by bit began support section of worldwide organizations like Mondelez. Mondelez ought to likewise maintain the free market and lower tariif arrangements and increase by it (aph.gov.au, 2017). Monetary elements comprise of those components which impact the financing and estimating choices of the organizations like Mondelez. These components are conversion standard, work rates, estimation of land, flexibly chain the board, etc. The worldwide money rates have solid bearing on the valuing systems of the organizations. The estimation of Australian Dollar has fallen which implies that fares have gotten less expensive and the outsiders clients can purchase more with their monetary standards. The specialists state that the Australian producers like Mondelez can send out their products more to acquires exceptional yield (Beattie, 2017). Mondelez International ought to get assets reasonably and keep the evaluating procedure low to pick up from sending out its items to the remote markets (Brandenburg et al., 2014). The social viewpoints manage the impact of an item on the general public and culture of a market like Australia. Mondelez International fabricates chocolate items with high calories which frequently face reactions from different layers of the general public. The Australians chocolate showcase is developing and Mondelez ought to underwrite the chance. The Australian culture adores premium chocolate and is prepared to address high retail cost for it. Thus, Mondelez should fix high retail costs for its excellent chocolate items and low for ordinary items to produce high income (Nieburg, 2017). The Treasury, Government of Australia tells than the nation has encountered practical salary development in the ongoing years and the rich have contributed huge to the expansion in national pay. The developing populace of the nation alongside the developing pay empower chocolate showcase (Australian Bureau of Statistics, Australian Government, 2017). Mondelez should showcase its items more in the Australia and exploit the rising pay of the Australians to sell its items (Fletcher Guttmann, 2017). Innovative: Innovation alludes to the degree of advancement and think-tanks do to achieve new items and improve their current items. The limit of an organization to use innovation likewise decides its capacity to embrace feasible methods for creation and activity. Mondelez is a worldwide food maker who is monetarily solid and can put resources into current innovation. Australia is an innovatively solid nation and gives its organizations trend setting innovation and extension for development. The regularly expanding request and changing utilization design supports modernisation and practical creation. The food item makers like Mondelez have condition of workmanship innovation which encourages them to make supportable items and packaging(Gold, Kunz Reiner, 2016). Mondelez has six present day fabricating plants in Australia which permits to organization to realize inventive results of unrivaled quality (Lynch Jin, 2016). Culture of individuals has a significant task to carry out in the utilization design which further effects the interest of items. Religion, nationality, etc assume significant job in the way of life of individuals. Mondelez International fabricates chocolate items which are delighted in by individuals everything being equal. The organization showcases its items universally to exploit this interest for chocolate across societies. The Australian individuals love chocolate items particularly premium chocolate items. Mondelez should fabricate and showcase premium chocolate items and take into account the Australian market (Tan et al., 2015). The individuals of Australia are expanding accentuating on economical items and are prepared to pay for them. Mondelez should showcase maintainable chocolate items to oblige the Australian market (Wee et al., 2014). Macroenvironmental Factors Issue Opportunity or Threat recognizable proof Data Source Political/Legal Free market and lower tariif strategies Opportunity aph.gov.au, 2017 Monetary Falling Australian Dollar Opportunity Beattie, 2017 Social Risisng interest for premium chocolate Opportunity Nieburg, 2017 Innovative New assembling plants and trend setting innovation Opportunity Lynch Jin, 2016) Culture Love for premium chocolate items among the Australians Opportunity Tan et al., 2015 The diagram shows that Cadbury by Mondelez drives the chocolate market of Australia with its two direct rivals Kit Kat by Nestle having 17% offer and Mars at 9%. Their quality lies in their capacity to provide food the requirements of both the premium and low variation customers. The two measurements which shoppers consider while making buy are assortment and accessible. The shortcoming of the contenders is their failure to deliver an assortment of chocolate items which Mondelez can create. The perceptual guide beneath show the contenders of Mondelez International, the Y hub shows wide decision and the X pivot shows assortment. The figure shows that Mondelez International positions most elevated in the purchasers minds as per the two boundaries. Assessment of the Companys Internal Capabilities and Core Competencies: Mondelez International is a worldwide organization taking into account worldwide customer base. The organization is available in over a hundred nations which gives it an enormous upper hand. Product offering comprises of an assortment of premium items. The organization fabricates Cadbury which comes in both premium variations like Bournville and low valued variations. The organization additionally claims Vegemite, Ritz, Belvita and different brands worth billions. The organization is monetarily solid with a net income $26 billion out of 2016. The organization has acquisitions like Cadbury worth billions of dollars which has given the organization its imaginative product offering. The product offering encourages the organization to shape a solid promoting procedure. The organization follows vital human asset the board in all the area it works in. The organization is a worldwide business and utilizes individuals everywhere throughout the world. Mondelez International Australia utilizes in excess of 2000 workers who trait tit with itstalent and upper hand. Goes under reactions because of fatty and sugar content in the items which influences the promoting techniques of the organization. Product offering restricted to food items. Openings: Grow product offering towards different items like home consideration, electronic, etc. Present low calorie items like Coca Cola. Go into natural item advertise by new natural chocolate items. Enter new markets Faces hardened rivalry from substitutes like espresso. Fcaes hardened rivalry from other global organizations like Nestle and Unilever. Faces danger from new participants in the entirety of its business sectors like nearby chocolate organizations. Ends: The investigation shows that Mondelez International Australia and New Zealand is a major worldwide organizations which experiences different macroeconomic components like political, prudent, etc. The organization is monetarily exceptionally solid and has a solid product offering. The results of the organization rule the market yet face solid rivalry from other worldwide food makers like Nestle. The accompanying proposals can be made for the companys future: Mondelez ought to grow its item portfolio so as to acquire c

How to Collect and Prepare a Hickory Nut for Planting

Instructions to Collect and Prepare a Hickory Nut for Planting Of the dozen or so American hickories, shellbark and shagbark hickory trees have given some guarantee as consumable nut makers. These are the main two Carya species (except for walnut, logical name Carya illinoensis) normally planted for nut creation. All the accompanying hickory nut recommendations apply too to the assortment and planning of walnuts. Timing Hickory blossoms in the spring and finishes nut development in late-summer. Starting as ahead of schedule as the first of September and proceeding through November, different types of hickory nuts age and are prepared for assortment. Aging dates can fluctuate somewhat from year to year and from state to state by upwards of three to about a month, so it is absurd to expect to utilize exact dates to decide development. The best time to gather hickory nuts, either off the tree or from the beginning, when they start falling: It is only that straightforward. Prime picking is late September through the principal week in November, contingent upon the individual hickory tree species and its area inside the United States. The hickory nut is flawless when the husks start to part. Gathering The stature of the hickory nut crop in a backwoods covering and the thick timberland litter underneath can make it to some degree hard for the easygoing gatherer to accumulate enormous quantities of nuts (despite the fact that certainly feasible). Another test is reaping nuts before natural life does. It is likewise imperative to recollect that nut accessibility is rarely a yearly given. Great hickory crops (called pole) of all species are delivered at interims of one to three years, so discovering nuts can be a test in some random fall season. Considering that, discover woodland trees that are open-developed with minimal backwoods underbrush. Yard trees or trees close to cleared zones make for simpler assortment in urban and rural regions. Continuously recognize the tree and spot labels or imprint the sacks, so you will realize what species you have gathered. Putting away Capacity tests with walnut and shagbark hickory have exhibited that hickories resemble most other nut and oak seed species: They ought to be dried to a low dampness content and refrigerated if not planted right away. To be explicit, Carya nuts ought to be dried to beneath 10% dampness and put away at around 40 degrees Fahrenheit. Whenever put away in fixed holders, the nuts ought to have the option to hold great reasonability for a long time. They will lose half to 66% of their capacity to grow following four years. Despite the fact that hickory needs next to no cold over a full season, examines show that feasibility can be improved by absorbing the nuts water at 70 degrees Fahrenheit for 64 hours. Some nut species need stratificationâ or a chilly timeframe to completely improve the germination procedure. Put soggy peat combine or sawdust with the dried hickory nuts in a polyethylene plastic sack that has a divider thickness of four to ten millimeters. These sacks are perfect for putting away nuts since they are porous to carbon dioxide and oxygen yet impermeable to dampness. Close the pack freely and store in the fridge at 40 degrees Fahrenheit until planting time. Check nuts all through the winter and keep marginally clammy. Planting You can plant unrefrigerated nuts in the fall and let the winter season do what nature does-refrigerate. You can likewise spring-plant with delineated or cold-treated seed or take a risk on unstratified seed. For ground planting: Great outcomes have been accounted for with fall seed planting for hickory, however great mulching is important. Mulch ought to stay until germination is finished. Concealing is commonly a bit much, however hickory may benefit from someâ initial conceal. Assurance from rodents might be required for fall-sowings. For holder planting: After deciding the best possible time to plant, you should put nuts in moderatelyâ loose gardening soil in one-gallon pots or more profound compartments. The taproot will develop rapidly to the base of compartments and root width isn't as significant. Compartments ought to have gaps in the base to take into consideration seepage. Spot hickory nuts on their sides at a profundity of one-a large portion of the width to about the width of the nut. Keep the dirt clammy however not wet. Shield the pots from freezing.

How to Find an Anxiety Therapist

How to Find an Anxiety Therapist Social Anxiety Disorder Treatment and Therapy Print How to Find an Anxiety Therapist By Arlin Cuncic Arlin Cuncic, MA, is the author of Therapy in Focus: What to Expect from CBT for Social Anxiety Disorder and 7 Weeks to Reduce Anxiety. Learn about our editorial policy Arlin Cuncic Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on November 08, 2015 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on April 11, 2019 Social Anxiety Disorder Overview Symptoms & Diagnosis Causes Treatment Living With In Children Slobo / Getty Images An anxiety therapist is someone who has specialized training to treat anxiety disorders. When looking for a therapist for social anxiety disorder (SAD), you should seek someone who specializes in treating this specific mental health concern. Therapists who do not have a good understanding of the disorder are less likely to provide effective treatment. Although the process of finding an anxiety therapist will not be easy, the benefits of entering into therapy with a qualified professional are great. Below are some steps to help you find an anxiety therapist in your area. Insurance Considerations If your treatment will be covered by an insurance provider, the best first step is to ask for a list of professionals whose treatment will be covered. Once you have the list, narrow it down to those who provide treatment specifically for anxiety disorders and SAD. If there are a lot of choices, see if your family doctor might be able to help by recommending a specific therapist on the list. Call If there is a large clinic in your area, they likely have therapists on staff that treat anxiety disorders. If you are comfortable, call the receptionist and ask whether anyone on staff treats social anxiety disorder. Go Online There are a number of options for finding a therapist for SAD on the internet. Visit such sites as the American Psychological Associations ?psychologist locator, or the Anxiety Disorders Association of Americas (ADAA) find a therapist  website. The Association for Behavioral and Cognitive Therapies? therapist service and the American Psychiatric Association website may also be useful resources. Most find a therapist services allow you to search by location and specialty. Find Help With the 7 Best Online Anxiety Support Groups Evaluate Fit Once you have located a therapist and made your first appointment, it is important to remember that the process is still unfolding. Even though a therapist may be trained to treat social anxiety disorder, he may not be a good fit for you. If you are having trouble opening up to your therapist, or do not feel like your concerns are being addressed, you may need to re-evaluate and decide if a different person might be a better fit. Tips If you arent comfortable making phone calls yourself to locate a therapist, enlist the help of a friend or family member to call on your behalf. If you are not covered by insurance and the cost of therapy is prohibitive, your local university may offer sliding-scale therapy or free counseling as part of ongoing research studies.

Immigration in Canada A History Essay - 2483 Words

Introduction – The Policy issue that I intend to examine is Immigration and Employment History on Immigration in Canada Canada has continuously served as a home to immigrants and refugees from decade to decade harbouring people from a variety of cultural and ethnic backgrounds. The first set of immigrants to settle in the country came from Britain, the United States and from other nationalities mostly including immigrants from Europe who were either desperate to escape from religious or political turmoil or were simply attracted to Canada’s economic promise. Soon after the Canadian confederation in 1867, immigrants from Irish and Chinese backgrounds who occupied most of the country were used as workers and the demand for labourers to†¦show more content†¦However, during the World War II era and the years that followed, these policies were discouraged in order to encourage more skilled and professional immigrants to participate in the Canadian labour market. However, in 1967, a new policy called the Points System which was developed to meet the economic and labour needs of Canada was fo rmed. With the existence of this policy, more non white immigrants were able to migrate to Canada. Presently, the current Immigration Act consists of both economic, family and refugee class in which immigrants enter into the country. The Issue Immigrants today now have the privilege of entering and residing in Canada but along with this privilege, there are also barriers that impede their integration and deprive them of equal opportunity in the society. The undervaluing of foreign education and credentials has emerged over the years as a huge obstacle faced by recent immigrants who seek employment in the areas that they have been trained, and worked in for decades in their respective home countries. For years, newcomers in Canada have been denied inclusion into the Canadian labour market simply because of policies that wereShow MoreRelatedHow Immigrants Have Been Treated Over The History Of Canada853 Words   |  4 PagesThroughout this course, the focus has been on how Immigrants have been treated over the history of Canada and the phases in which events and settlements began. Abu-Laban states Substantive citizenship involves pressing issues relating to equality of rights and opportunities; treatment and life condition; and, not least, participatory involvement that ought to come from holding formal citizenship†¦In short, being a citizen is no guarantee of equality; real equality is hampered by inequalities resultingRead MoreBibliography Chinese Immigration in Canada1487 Words   |  6 PagesCHINESE IMMIGRANTS IN CANADA AND THEIR PROBLEMS ON THE CANADIAN LABOR MARKET History 287 – The Chinese in Canada and Canadians in China Bolaria, B. Singh, and Sean P. Hier. 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The League of Nations in the 1920s defined refugeesRead MoreThe Immigration Of The United States989 Words   |  4 PagesFor many centuries now immigration has been important to the key developments of North American countries. From the English settlers from the original 13 colonies, to the French who settled into what is now modern day Canada, even the Irish and German settlers during the Industrial revolution, all the way to Mexicans trying to find work in the booming U.S. economy after the second world war, immigrants have always flocked to America in search of a better life. The Immigration issues doesnà ¢â‚¬â„¢t just stopRead MoreHow Did The Ukrainian Immigrants Affect Canadian Society?1499 Words   |  6 PagesQuestion: How did the Ukrainian Immigrants affect Canadian Society. Outline: P1: Introduction Canada, known to its citizens as being diverse and having multicultural history.One historical events of Canada is the Ukrainian immigration. In the 1800, the waves of immigration from the Ukrainian area began as one Ukrainian family came to. Ukrainians are one of the predominant groups that arrived to Canada to start anew. This led them to change a lot of Canada’s society then in the late 1800s. P2:

The Development Of Individuality In The Scarlet Letter By...

The novel, The Scarlet Letter, is an epitome of individuality during Puritan times. Each character in the novel represents the idea that internal evolution creates an inevitable outcome; life or death. Character development delineates changes in behavior, disposition, and mentality by reflection upon sin and the correction thereof. Therefore, there are numerous characters compared to the literary device, which include Hester, Dimmesdale, and Chillingworth. In fact, on more than one occasion, Hawthorne refers back to a â€Å"moral blossom† which symbolizes lessons to be learned. Subsequently, while Hester and Dimmesdale flourish in the light of redemption, Chillingworth deviates from this path and decays in his aggrieved, petulant stubbornness.†¦show more content†¦Her motivation increases everyday and she has an optimistic outlook on the future. Foremost, by the end of the novel, Hester shows true integrity when she says, â€Å"The scarlet letter had not done its off ice† (Hawthorne 149). She is in the mindset that she is not worthy of deciding when her punishment ends, which shows honest humbleness and perseverance. Even though she doesn’t anticipate the letter to leave her anytime soon, she learns how to live with the handicap which has previously been a detriment to her life. Comparably, Dimmesdale undergoes a moral dilemma in order to finally find peace within himself. While Hester agonizes over her punishment for her sins, though, Dimmesdale secretes himself in the shadows. His status as minister gives him leeway from exposure, and Hester refuses to give his name, which she proudly states, â€Å"His fame, his position, his life, will be in my hands, beware† (Hawthorne 68). At this point, Dimmesdale is more worried about his well being than his ethics. He doesn’t necessarily negate the fact that he is guilty, too, but he doesn’t speak out and confess to his crimes. After being fully aware of the situation at hand, Dimmesdale shows no signs of remorse. Notably, years later he starts to exhibit repent, and his physical description is given by, â€Å"His large dark eyes has a world of pain in their troubled and melancholy depth† (Hawthorne 101). Currently, he is in the midst of suffering and becomes ill with grief. The weightShow MoreRelatedThe Theme Of Sin In The Scarlet Letter By Nathaniel Hawthorne777 Words   |  4 Pagesthe novel, The Scarlet Letter by Nathaniel Hawthorne, this same concept holds true. For he who said, â€Å"do not commit adultery†, also said, â€Å"do not kill.† This statement reveals that all sins are equal in the eyes of God. However, the Puritan society hypocritically judges some sins to be greater than others. One example of this is the sin of adultery. Adultery is considered to be one of the worst sins of all. The main characters in The Scarlet Letter all commit sins, but Hawthorne judges them basedRead MoreThe Thematic Trifecta Of The Sc arlet Letter1429 Words   |  6 PagesTrifecta of The Scarlet Letter The Scarlet Letter, written by Nathaniel Hawthorne, narrates the experiences of Hester Prynne, a beautiful young woman in Puritan times, after committing the sin of adultery with the local Reverend, Mr. Arthur Dimmesdale. Because she became pregnant, she bears the public scorn of her sin, while the town does not uncover Mr. Dimmesdale’s participation in the act until the very end of the novel. Using the Puritan society as the setting, and the development of both HesterRead MoreThe Scarlet Letter By Nathaniel Hawthorne And The Awakening1416 Words   |  6 Pagesexists in society does not only affect the individual being discriminated against, but the people close to them as well. This is demonstrated through the novels The Scarlet Letter by Nathaniel Hawthorne and The Awakening by Kate Chopin. The Scarlet Letter follows the story of a woman named Hester Prynne who is forced to wear a scarlet letter â€Å"A† on her chest as punishment for her crime of adultery. The Awake ning follows the story of a woman named Edna Pontellier and the struggle that she faces when sheRead MoreThe Scarlet Letter, The Crucible, And King s Letter From Birmingham Jail1733 Words   |  7 PagesHawthorne’s The Scarlet Letter, Miller’s The Crucible, and King’s â€Å"Letter From Birmingham Jail† Humans have a natural tendency to conform to each other; they strive to fit in with their community and to blend in with the crowd, undoubtedly because modern society seems to have put everyone on a leash. Its harsh judgment and constant pressure forces everyone to follow each other around like sheep — compliant — staying in line in fear of the repercussions. 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From the first days of settlement in America, to racial tensions and slavery, to the development of capitalism, there has always been a relationship between the individual and society that is reflected in the written pieces of each time, revealing the connection between oneself and the collective spanning across the centuries. ‘The Scarlet Letter’, written in a Puritan world, and ‘Bartleby, The Scrivener’, written in capitalist America, are two key examples of literatureRead MoreThe Crucible : Nature Vs Nurture Debate2002 Words   |  9 PagesLee’s To Kill a Mockingbird, Atticus Finch is described as an outstanding role model for his children, Jem and Scout, teaching them morals, discipline, and important lessons such as the acceptance of those who are different. In The Scarlet Letter, Nathaniel Hawthorne describes Hester Prynne as a strong and independent woman who, despite the circumstances, is a role model for her daughter, Pearl. In spite of having a drunkard for a father, Huck Finn, from Mark Twain’s The Adventures of HuckleberryRead More The Dual Nature of Man in Young Goodman Brown Essay1865 Words   |  8 PagesThe Dual Nature of Man in Young Goodman Brown In Young Goodman Brown, Hawthorne tells the story of one man’s loss of faith in the human race. As Goodman Brown travels into the woods one night, he is sees the innermost secrets and desires of the people he once placed upon a pedestal. He sees that humans are evil by nature, and this causes him to lose faith in his fellow man. By viewing the story as an allegory, the journey into the woods is associated with the Puritan concept of justificationRead MoreThe Effects Of Self Harm On Children And Young Adults2005 Words   |  9 Pagesdealing with the guilt, he causes himself not to sleep or eat. Dimmesdale is described as, â€Å"pitiably weak; no evidence at once so slight and irrefragable, of a subtle disease, that had long since begun to eat into the real substance of his character† (Hawthorne 147). Seven years later, he confesses that he is Pearl’s father and he committed adultery with Hester Prynne. Tired of the guilt, Dimmesdale brands an ‘A’ on his chest to represent his sin just like Hester (Miller). Shortly after confessing, Dimmesdale

Social Philosophy Has Its Place in Social Work Practice Free Essays

Social work as a discipline concentrates on theoretical and philosophical positions such as social justice, equality, and empowerment and these may be described as â€Å"philosophies of social work†. (Mackie, 2007) Historically during social works early years, moral concerns laid the foundations for the development of social work and the principal values of the profession, with particular emphasis on the significance of individual worth and dignity and service to humanity (Bisman, 2004). Many of our contemporary professional social work values and ethics have been constructed on the basis of Kantian and Utilitarian philosophies and although mutually they are considered as alternatives; both theories of are based on the assumption of the human being as a freely acting individual and indeed the philosophies share and hold the following approaches: †¢ The moral value of individual persons as autonomous rational beings; †¢ The universality of values and principles; †¢ The possibility of deducing moral ‘laws’ through rational reflection; †¢ The goal of individual liberty; freedom and emancipation and in the just ordering of a society. We will write a custom essay sample on Social Philosophy Has Its Place in Social Work Practice or any similar topic only for you Order Now Human rights and social justice are clearly draw from Kantian and Utilitarian social philosophies and today are regarded as fundamental principals in the practice of social work (Banks 2001). In this paper the author will consider what social philosophy is and what effect if any it has on social work practice in 2011/2012. Political philosophy is influenced by social philosophy which in turn has an impact on the work has carried out by social workers ‘a rigid demarcation between political and social philosophy is impossible, and social philosophers, have influenced recent political philosophy. Social philosophy also deals with philosophical issues relating to institutions such as the family, religion and education. (Bunmin, 2004) Philosophers observed that the development of human behaviour was shaped by their social environment and mainly competitive in nature. From these philosophical origins collectivism grew into what we now know as collectivistic or socialist theories Kantian deontological ethics is a principle-based ethics wherein reason is central. Reasons motivate or predispose action. Gray, 2010)Kant’s ethical theory is grounded in the respect owed to individuals because they are rational moral agents. As social workers we work with service users to determine ‘what is the right thing to do’. Reasons are seen as more reliable when making moral judgements than emotions. This is not to say that Kant overlooks the importance of emotions, merely that they do not give the moral agent reason for action. Moral motives are attached to moral principles t hat lead people to do the right thing. (Gray, 2010) Autonomy and freedom are two absolute values for Kant. He believed that since people were rational beings, they had the ability to create universal laws and follow them. Furthermore, people were self-regulated by their own rules/laws because they were free to determine for themselves without laws imposed by others. Thus, the two notions of autonomy and freedom were identical in Kantian theory and interdependently connected (RHODES, 1986). In contrast with other theories on ethics, such as hedonism and utilitarianism, Kant believed that the purpose of ethics was not to teach people to reach for their personal happiness. On the contrary, ethical living for Kant was achieved at the cost of our urges and instincts. However it is necessary for individuals to be aware of their own personal needs and wills. Concerning social work ethics, the Kantian ethic of self-determination is one of the most important ethical commitments of the social work profession. Social workers are educated to intervene in human lives in a way that their actions preserve the right of all humans to determine for themselves. Self-determination is a fundamental value that entails us as social workers to respect the person and encourage the person to act for themselves(Parrott, 2008). Based on the dual focus of the Kantian theory in autonomy and freedom, the ethic of self-determination reflects a belief that everyone is a rational being who can decide on their own about what is good or bad. Therefore, a rational being can also understand the meaning of punishment when their actions infringe on the freedom and the autonomy of others (Clark, 2000). Furthermore, social workers are also committed to act with respect for one’s dignity, and this also demonstrates Kantian thinking and its absolute ethical obligation to see every person as an end and not as a means (Rhodes, 1986). However social workers need to be conscious, that self-determination in practice may be unclear and can be seen as ‘professional ideology—an inter-related set of values and ideas. The concept is derived from a number of ideas and values outside social work, but it appears to have little direct relevance to social work in practice. (SPICKER, 1990) Kant’s principle of respect for persons, which is very relevant for current social work is as an end in itself, and is tied to his view of individuals as rational beings with autonomy and the capacity to exercise choice (Gray, 2000). It is this condition of human agency that sets the object of moral requirement in place and places limitations on our actions. It is precisely this view of t he individual that social work adopts. It leads to attention being paid to responsibility as the flipside of duty or obligation and to ethical decision making as a rational activity. The classic utilitarian’s believe that the ultimate good is something that most people actually desire, such as happiness or pleasure. Specifically, the doctrine of ethical hedonism and most of the modern utilitarian’s take pleasure as the ultimate goal to which we should aim. In its simplest form, utilitarianism states that in any situation where there is a moral choice, which is likely to produce the greatest happiness for the greatest number of people or the least harm to the world as a whole. Therefore, everyone ought to obey the laws that ensure the balance between the good for the individual and for the society as a whole (Rhodes, 1986; Clark, 2000) However focusing on a utilitarian outlook loses sight of the individual and their values and the riots that took place in England over the summer highlights this. The government â€Å"blamed a â€Å"broken society† for the wave of rioting and looting that spread through London http://www. guardian. co. k/social-care-network/2011/dec/09/live-reading-the-riots-social-careand there was a loud national outcry to deal robustly with the people that that took part in the riots and to give them sanctions like i. e. eviction from social housing, loss of state benefits, jail sentences However there were no considerations made for individuals and rhetoric like ‘social fight back’ gave such a combative position from the government. The summer riots emphasised the need for social workers to adhere to the GSCC codes o f practice and to hold fast to ethics and values that under pin the discipline in the face of the moral panic. As emphasised by Theresa May’s and David Cameron recent speeches â€Å"The riots weren’t about protests, unemployment, cuts,† she said. â€Å"The riots weren’t about the future, about tomorrow. They were about today. They were about now. They were about instant gratification. Because all the riots really come down to was money. † â€Å"Parts of the state and its agencies had become demoralised from a moral collapse that has seen children without fathers and alienated, angry young people. The riots were not about race or poverty, but about behaviour and moral breakdown and people without proper boundaries. http://www. guardian. co. uk/social-care-network/2011/dec/09/live-reading-the-riots-social-care This highlights the challenge that social workers face in contemporary social work, as ‘agents of the state’ how do we work with these service users and empower them to make their own decisions when the current government belittles their fr ustrations and dismisses the inequalities that they experience on a day to day basis and ignore their feelings of powerlessness, voicelessness and under-representation. The government outlook does not take into consideration the evidence which suggests that rioters were generally poorer than the country at large. Analysis of more than a 1,000 court records suggests 59% of the England rioters come from 20% of the most deprived areas of the UK. Other analysis carried out by the Department for Education and the Ministry of Justice on young riot defendants found that 64% came from the poorest fifth of areas and only 3% from the richest. This viewpoint makes it difficult for service users to not regard social workers with an air of suspicion ‘social workers have always been viewed by some people, on the far left of the political spectrum, as part of the social problem because they are agents of the state. This perspective sees social workers’ role as a sop for the poor and the marginalised by a brutal capitalist system. (Okitikpi, 2011) Although this may be difficult for some service users, ultimately as part of their code from The British Association of Social Workers (BASW, 2002): â€Å"social workers have a duty to†¦ ring to the attention of those in power and the general public, and where appropriate challenge ways in which the policies or activities of government, organisations or society create or contribute to structural disadvantages, hardship and suffering or militate against their relief (BASW, 2002, Section 3. 2. 2. 2. a. ). This a code that social workers adhere to as many social worker s were initially motivated to join the profession by their desire to work for social justice and to have direct helping relationships. Cree, 2007)study reinforces the point that practitioners see their role as being that of an enabler and facilitator working alongside people. The entrenchment of user-involvement in all areas of the profession has also done much to reinforce practitioners’ perception of the centrality of the caring aspects of their role. A greater emphasis should be placed on social workers to practice feminist ethics ‘feminist ethics of care attempts to provide a more complete view of morality and ethics in social work of care’ (Gray, 2010). This eschews more abstract ethical perspectives and requires social workers to look at themselves and their capacities for empathy, courage and compassion. Virtue theory insists that it’s misguided to expect reason to be able to establish some infallible moral doctrine which is compulsory and often counter to human nature and emotions. Perhaps morality is not about conforming to rules, but more about being trained to see problematic situations in a moral way. Morality may not be the rational control of the emotions but, more appropriately, the cultivation of desirable emotions (Phoca, 1999). Hugman, 2005)argues there is a growing interest in placing emotions at the heart of ethics. The helping relationship is one where the emotional content is often silent in the discussion of ethics. Feminists regard this approach as reductive in its presumptions about the overriding importance of duties and obligations, and rules and principles in moral behaviour. This implies that social wo rkers keep clients’ confidence, for example, merely because it is their duty to do so. For feminists, there is much more to morality than this we keep confidentiality because we care about our clients. Gray, 2010) Social workers are bound by the GSCC codes of practice; there is an obligation to have regard for inequalities within society and to consider the many forms of discrimination service user’s encounter on a regular basis. Discrimination is explained by Thompson (2007); he describes discrimination with the use of his Personal, Cultural and Structural (PCS) model; the Personal refers to the psychological characteristics of discrimination and how such personal experiences impact upon our attitudes; Cultural makes reference to perceived societal norms – our shared socially How to cite Social Philosophy Has Its Place in Social Work Practice, Papers

Impact of IT in Healthcare Sector

Question: Discuss about the Impact of IT in Healthcare Sector. Answer: Introduction Mostashari (2014) opined that the health information technology involves with the plan, development, formation as well as protection of the information systems for the industry of the healthcare. The automated healthcare information systems are predictable to lower the costs, develop the efficiency as well as decrease errors to provide with better services as well as consumer cares (Kapoor and Kleinbart 2012). Due to the threat over the patient data breaches, the new technology is initiated such as mobile health devices, updating of the IT associated with the incentive programs that approve the heath IT system. The report is based on the importance of IT within the healthcare sector as well as its requirements of the IT. It also reflects on the use and benefits with its advantages of IT within the healthcare sector. Apart from this, some risks are also occurred within the healthcare sector due to the use of information technology. It also processes to maintain as well as monitor the use of information technology. Need of IT in healthcare sector Health Information Technology is needed to handle protected health information (PHI) that is subject to the Health Insurance Portability as well as Accountability Act Privacy Rule. This rule gives access to the PHI as well as defends the privacy of the information by preventive access to further parties (Alali and Salim 2013). The healthcare industry is unique in their ways it creates economic opportunities and achievements. The following are the areas where the needs of IT within the healthcare sector: 1. Electronic patient records includes central data repository of information of patients available to the healthcare providers. 2. Electronic scheduling of the appointments for hospitals is available to refer to general practitioners (Dua 2012). 3. E-prescribing permits electronic prescriptions filled by the physicians to pursue both the pharmacy as well as prescription costing authority to administer the payments (Rahman 2012). 4. Improvement over the communications networks in order to facilitate communication across the National Health Service (Lammassaari and Hiltunen 2015). Importance of IT in the healthcare sector Recent advances in the IT helps to enable the providers to recover the superiority of the patient care. The patient care exploits the new tools as well as information that the systems offer while continuing over the patient centric approach. The software supports the procedures of core medical as well as hardware permits easy access to information (Sarnikar and Murphy 2012). With increasing investment in the modern IT systems, the organization improves the healthcare for the patients. With the help of IT, the doctors can communicate with their patients as well as other doctors. Therefore, it helps to stay the patients healthy (Reina et al. 2012). As the medical staffs as well as patients are the heart of the healthcare sector, then it continues to be heart of the healthcare. With the increasing adoption of the IT, the healthcare IT continues to entire stage of care that the patients within the region can assistance (Yang, Kankanhalli and Chandran 2015). Using the software, it provides with easy access to the information at the point of care and the hardware allows the communication of data across the facilities as well as assembles the access points (Carlucci and Schiuma 2012). It facilitates with condition of improved care of patients by the providers of healthcare. With the development of IT, the decisions should be better informed. Requirement of IT into the business Information technology has the potential to give the doctors as well as providers of the medical care to give an entire picture of the patients in front of them. Then, the patients can provide an easier way to access the complete record of medical (Lammassaari and Hiltunen 2015). The promotion of the heath II is done by e prescribing, e-transactions as well as medical set of code. It is the solution to give the healthcare entities in order to keep the cost of implementation down. The most vital challenge for the IT health is the cost. The providers are expected to bear the cost of implementation as well as savings accrue to others (Saltenberger et al. 2015). The other requirement of the IT is to protect the privacy of the patients. Within the database, the confidential information of the patients is stored electronically. Cost: IT enables the healthcare providers to reduce the operating cost as it automates the work to make the data analysis easier as well as within short time (Kapoor and Kleinbart 2012). Planning: The doctors with the use of information technology shares information with the patients over the internet so that they can take important decisions about the healthcare. Designing: Information technology designs the electronic systems to protect the valuable records of the patients (Dua 2012). Equipments: With the use of IT, the healthcare providers can access to various equipments such as electronic heath records, decision support system, bar coding, radio frequency identification etc (icarehealth.com.au 2015). Installation: With the IT systems, the providers can easily access to the electronic network, such that they can access the internet from the home (Sarnikar and Murphy 2012). This accessibility increases the profitability of the healthcare sectors. Training: Proper training is given to the healthcare providers so that they can easily use the new technology healthcare tools. Use of IT in the healthcare sector With the use of IT, the heath care sectors will get accurate as well as complete information about the health of the patients. The service providers give possible care during the medical emergency (Kapoor and Kleinbart 2012). The doctors with the use of information technology shares information with the patients over the internet so that they can take important decisions about the healthcare. The following are the technologies that are used in the information technology within the healthcare sectors: Electronic Health Record: It records all the data of the patients from various sources. It also records the healthcare data of the patients (Johnson 2013). It is a part of automated order entry as well as a patient tracking system provides with real time access to the data of the patients. Decision Support System: It provides the physicians as well as nurses with real time treatment suggestions (Spagnoletti 2013). It consists of wide varieties of technologies ranges from simple alerts to full clinical pathways as well as protocols. Computerized provider order entry: It is a medication ordering as well as execution system consists of the lab orders, discharges, referrals etc. Bar coding: An optical scanner is used to capture the information as well as data encoded on the product (Johnson 2013). It is used for the purpose of medication such as matching drugs to the patients by using the bar codes on the medications as well as patients. Radio Frequency Identification: Using a wireless communication system, the technology tracks the patients throughout the hospital, tracking of medication. Picture achieving and communication systems: It captures as well as integrates the images of diagnostic as well as radiological from the devices such as X-ray, MRI etc. It disseminates the medical records and clinical data repository (Saltenberger et al. 2015). Benefits and advantages of IT in the healthcare sector The following are the benefits and advantages of IT within the healthcare sector: Protect the data of the patients: Information technology gives better access to the patients data by providing access to the data only to the authorized person. Reduce the operational cost: IT eliminates the data wastes and then mines the data storage (Joo 2012). The cost relates to the healthcare professionals, medical, equipments of lab are reduced. Accessibility enables the healthcare providers to reduce the costs that are associated with the duplicating tests since the providers access to perform the test results. Improve over the gross margin: The balance scorecard improves the gross margin of the healthcare sector using various IT as well as analytical tools that satisfy with the services of the patients (icarehealth.com.au 2015). Reduce the human and medical error: The information system supports the healthcare system by exchanging over the medical information of the patients (Reina et al. 2012). The details of the patients are entered into the system without any chances of medical error. Not only has that it improved the doctors performance, it improves the requirements of the medical equipments (Yang, Kankanhalli and Chandran 2015). Clerical activities such as remainders of appointment, notification of laboratory results are handled electronically results into reduction of human errors. Improve over the satisfaction level of the patients: The patients are satisfied with increasing the accountability among the healthcare service providers (Joo 2012). All the clinicians are aware of the past as well as current medical histories when various healthcare providers treat the patients. Types of IT risks in the business Privacy and security risks: Privacy and security risks occurs due to the hackers, theft, stolen of the patients data and unauthorized access of the data. Installation risk: Installation of the healthcare information technology within the healthcare sector is more complicated than installation of the software on the computer connected to the internet (Reina et al. 2012). If the records of the patients contain any error, then the system stores the error data into it. Poor quality of the data: When the information of the patient is delivered into another system, that time the process may be hamper due to wrong delivery of the reports (Mathew and Pillai 2015). Then, it hampers the entire information technology solutions and hampers the trust of the heathcare professionals. Poor usability of the information system: It prompts the error that threatens the productivity of the patients, loss of profitability and makes disappointment understand the quality advantages of health data innovation. The framework is not easy to incorporate and give the best data prompts for decision-making (Yang, Kankanhalli and Chandran 2015). Hence, if the information technology device that is executed has the absence of ease of use, then it is not ready to show the information that helps with settling on the vital choice. The result is that it is a costly undertaking that produces little value to the information. Process to maintain and monitor the IT The healthcare providers are required to monitor the hardware as well as software assets with complete detailing of the reports contains details of information technology devices as well as software on the network (Sarnikar and Murphy 2012). Firstly, security IT monitoring is required to secure the hardware of the system and mitigate the security risks before it exploits to vulnerabilities. Secondly, the automated system IT monitoring is required to monitor the system to make sure that the hardware is functioning normally (Lammassaari and Hiltunen 2015). Thirdly, backup IT monitoring is required to protect the data secured. It monitors the backup of the system as well as the issues are resolved. Recommendations 1. Training should be given to the healthcare providers so that they can handle the system more efficiently. 2. The management should use of strategic plan to increase the use of information technology within the healthcare sectors. 3. The healthcare providers should use of proper security as well as privacy techniques to protect the data as well as information of the patients. Conclusion It is concluded that IT within the healthcare sectors give significant benefits to their business operations by improving over the risks to make the business successful. In order to increase the satisfaction level of the patients, it is required to make IT strategic operations. It is required that the healthcare providers should hire more and more IT professionals to deal with the IT issues of the company. It is also observed that the doctors with the use of information technology shares information with the patients over the internet so that they can take important decisions about the healthcare. The medical staffs as well as patients are the heart of the healthcare sector, therefore in the future further implementation is required. The providers are expected to bear the cost of implementation as well as savings accrue to others. The other requirement of the IT is to protect the privacy of the patients. References Alali, H. and Salim, J., 2013. Virtual Communities of Practice Success Model to Support Knowledge Sharing behaviour in Healthcare Sector.Procedia Technology, 11, pp.176-183. Carlucci, D. and Schiuma, G., 2012. Assessing and Managing Organizational Climate in Healthcare Organizations.International Journal of Information Systems in the Service Sector, 4(4), pp.49-61. Dua, S., 2012.Information systems, technology and management. Berlin: Springer. icarehealth.com.au, 2015.icarehealth. [online] www. icarehealth.com.au. Available at: https://www.icarehealth.com.au/blog/category/sucess-stories/ [Accessed 2 Jun. 2016]. Johnson, M., 2013. Buy-side barriers to e-business technology in the healthcare sector.International Journal of Healthcare Technology and Management, 14(1/2), p.110. Joo, M., 2012. Wellness Information System for Smart Healthcare.JAITC, 2(2). Kapoor, B. and Kleinbart, M., 2012. Building an Integrated Patient Information System for a Healthcare Network.Journal of Cases on Information Technology, 14(2), pp.27-41. Lammassaari, M. and Hiltunen, E., 2015. Change in the Finnish healthcare: managerial sensemaking in the private sector.International Journal of Services Technology and Management, 21(1/2/3), p.5. Mathew, P.S. and Pillai, A.S., 2015, March. Big Data solutions in Healthcare: Problems and perspectives. InInnovations in Information, Embedded and Communication Systems (ICIIECS), 2015 International Conference on(pp. 1-6). IEEE. Mostashari, F., 2014. Health information technology and Healthcare.Healthcare, 2(1), pp.1-2. Rahman, H., 2012.Knowledge and technologies in innovative information systems. Berlin: Springer. Reina, R., Cetani, T., Lacroce, A. and Ventura, M., 2012. A Healthcare Project.International Journal of Information Systems in the Service Sector, 4(4), pp.1-19. Saltenberger, J., Li, Y., Tsou, M. and Bahramzi, S., 2015. Web GIS as a useful tool for the health and social service sector.International Journal of Healthcare Technology and Management, 15(1), p.58. Sarnikar, S. and Murphy, M., 2012. A Usability Analysis Framework for Healthcare Information Technology.International Journal of Technology Diffusion, 3(4), pp.20-28. Spagnoletti, P., 2013.Organizational change and information systems. Berlin: Springer. Yang, Y., Kankanhalli, A. and Chandran, S., 2015. A stage model of information technology in healthcare.Health Technol., 5(1), pp.1-11.